CARNOSINE
  read Dr. Marios Kyriazis' carnosine article

Carnosine is a natural amino-acid that has been known about for decades (please don't confuse it with L-Carnitine), but it is only through recent Australian and British clinical and laboratory studies that the benefits of carnosine have become better known..

Carnosine has a number of interesting actions, it is a potent antioxidant, it helps to chelate ionic metals (i.e. flush toxins from the body), it has immune boosting properties (aids wound healing) and is also known to reduce and prevent cell damage caused by beta amyloid (the substance found in the brain of Alzheimer disease patients). Carnosine helps protects neural tissues by blocking and inactivating beta amyloid and therefore it could help protect tissues against dementia.

From the anti-aging standpoint, there are some very interesting carnosine actions, they are:

1. Carnosine’s ability to help prevent glycosylation- the cross linking of proteins (and DNA molecules) caused by sugar aldehydes reacting with the amino acids on the protein molecule and creating Advance Glycosylation End-products (AGE’s). If you want to see protein cross linking in action cut an apple in half and watch it turn yellow! Such anti-glycosylation may be beneficial for diabetes, cataracts, neuropathy, kidney failure and skin conditions, as well as “general” anti-aging properties.
2. In 1999, Australian researchers confirmed that carnosine increases longevity of human fibroblast cells in the laboratory. Carnosine extended the Hayflick limit (the maximum number of times a cell can divide), from a “normal” 50 by up to an additional 10 times! Although not enough time has passed to test these results, carnosine may be a supplement of choice for longevity.
3. The Russians used Carnosine (in an eye-drop form) to help treat glaucoma with considerable success. Carnosine may have important anti-aging eye functions.

Carnosine supplementation is a relatively “new” area, normal current anti-aging dosages are considered to be 50mg-100mg per day with the usual occasional breaks. Such dosages have failed to produce any report of serious side effects or contraindications to date.

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